SECRETS OF MUSCULAR DEVELOPMENT: CREATINE FOR MUSCLE ENERGY
Creatine functions as a storage molecule for phosphate, the ultimate source of muscular energy (as ATP). Creatine exists in muscle as creatine-phosphate (CP). Recent research has shown that athletes can deplete their muscle stores of CP in a relatively short time; for example, CP levels dropped as much as 90 percent after a single 400-meter sprint in one study).
Five grams of creatine can produce a significant increase in the level of creatine in the blood—an amount that corresponds to the amount of creatine found in about 2.5 pounds of meat. Since no one should consume that much meat (because of the excessive amounts of saturated fat, cholesterol, and protein it contains), athletes rely on creatine supplements to obtain this valuable adjunct to muscular energy.
Increasing the amount of CP through supplementation can increase the availability of metabolic energy to draw upon, especially during those athletic events that are of short duration and high intensity. Athletes can also use creatine supplements to train harder and longer, thereby increasing muscle density and mass.
Boron
Some evidence suggests that boron (a trace mineral) may be of value in raising testosterone levels. A recent study, in which participants took a boron supplement (3 milligrams per day) raised testosterone levels in postmenopausal women. Additional studies of boron supplements, especially their usage by bodybuilders, are needed before any definitive conclusions can be reached.
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Weight Loss
